A The reviewers and the authors are both clear of identity of each other B The reviewer's true identity is regularly accessible to the author C The reviewers usually identify whose work they are reviewing D Neither the reviewer nor the author knows the other's real identity

A biases against females are pervasive inevaluating research papers. B scientific journals should have adopted blind peer review early. C double-blind peer review can easeun conscious biases against women. D female researchers fit social sciences better than humanities.

A Such positions solely recognize scientific publications B Female researchers occupy a very low percentage C Biases involved in these jobs block science development D Fairness is under emphasized by such scientific positions

A Authors show more pessimism toward the double-blind review. B There are fresh biases found in the new double-blind review practice. C The new blind review practice is optional rather than compulsory. D Double-blind review could lead to postponement to hand in papers.

A making double-blind review compulsory will become an inevitable tendency. B there are numerous authors failing to notice the option of double-blind review practice. C renowned authors may still prefer paper evaluation without double-blind review. D the current double-blind review is short of support from scientific community.

A overseas students contribute disproportionately to British revenues. B top-tier universities in the U.K.are lagged behind their counterparts. C graduates are not properly employed due to fault-picking employers. D disadvantaged students might bear extra financial burden on campus.

A adequately meet the demand of adult learners. B effectively promote social mobility in the long run. C serve the interests of universities and the economy. D illustrate its intention with regard to teacher rankings.

A persuading. B inspiring. C confusing. D frustrating.

A It would probably enrich students'experience in universities. B It is the updated version of the Quality Assurance Agency. C More poor students may have access to higher education. D All universities will be fairly treated by this rating system.

A tolerance. B disapproval. C indifference. D cautiousness.